𝐊𝐧𝐨𝐰𝐥𝐞𝐝𝐠𝐞 𝐦𝐢𝐠𝐡𝐭 𝐛𝐞 𝐩𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐫, 𝐛𝐮𝐭 𝐢𝐭’𝐬 𝐦𝐮𝐜𝐡 𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐩𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐫𝐟𝐮𝐥 𝐰𝐡𝐞𝐧 𝐢𝐭’𝐬 𝐬𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐞𝐝! with this motto, I am 𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚛𝚝𝚒𝚗𝚐 𝚊 𝚜𝚎𝚛𝚒𝚎𝚜 𝚘𝚏 𝚜𝚑𝚊𝚛𝚒𝚗𝚐 𝚖𝚢 𝚔𝚗𝚘𝚠𝚕𝚎𝚍𝚐𝚎 𝚘𝚏 𝚝𝚑𝚎 𝙲 𝙻𝚊𝚗𝚐𝚞𝚊𝚐𝚎. | Shalu Anand

𝐊𝐧𝐨𝐰𝐥𝐞𝐝𝐠𝐞 𝐦𝐢𝐠𝐡𝐭 𝐛𝐞 𝐩𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐫, 𝐛𝐮𝐭 𝐢𝐭’𝐬 𝐦𝐮𝐜𝐡 𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐩𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐫𝐟𝐮𝐥 𝐰𝐡𝐞𝐧 𝐢𝐭’𝐬 𝐬𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐞𝐝! with this motto, I am 𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚛𝚝𝚒𝚗𝚐 𝚊 𝚜𝚎𝚛𝚒𝚎𝚜 𝚘𝚏 𝚜𝚑𝚊𝚛𝚒𝚗𝚐 𝚖𝚢 𝚔𝚗𝚘𝚠𝚕𝚎𝚍𝚐𝚎 𝚘𝚏 𝚝𝚑𝚎 𝙲 𝙻𝚊𝚗𝚐𝚞𝚊𝚐𝚎.

𝗟𝗲𝘁'𝘀 𝗕𝗲𝗴𝗶𝗻

Day 1: Getting started with C Language

To create a simple C program that prints "Hello, World" on the screen, use a text editor to create a new file

(e.g. hello.c — the file extension must be .c) containing the following source code:

𝗵𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗼.𝗰

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)

{

puts("Hello, World");

return 0;

}

𝗟𝗲𝘁'𝘀 𝗹𝗼𝗼𝗸 𝗮𝘁 𝘁𝗵𝗶𝘀 𝘀𝗶𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲 𝗽𝗿𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗲 𝗯𝘆 𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗲

#include <stdio.h>

This line tells the compiler to include the contents of the standard library header file stdio.h in the program.

𝗛𝗲𝗮𝗱𝗲𝗿𝘀 are usually files containing function declarations, macros, and data types, and you must include the header file before you use them. 𝗧𝗵𝗶𝘀 𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗲 𝗶𝗻𝗰𝗹𝘂𝗱𝗲𝘀 𝘀𝘁𝗱𝗶𝗼.𝗵 𝘀𝗼 𝗶𝘁 𝗰𝗮𝗻 𝗰𝗮𝗹𝗹 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗳𝘂𝗻𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗽𝘂𝘁𝘀().

Let's know more about headers.

𝗶𝗻𝘁 𝗺𝗮𝗶𝗻(𝘃𝗼𝗶𝗱)

This line starts the definition of a function. It states the name of the function (main), the type and number of arguments it expects (void, meaning none), and the type of value that this function returns (int).

𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝗲𝘅𝗲𝗰𝘂𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗿𝘁𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗺𝗮𝗶𝗻() 𝗳𝘂𝗻𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻.

{

...

}

The curly braces are used in pairs to indicate where a block of code begins and ends. They can be used in a lot of ways, but in this case they indicate where the function begins and ends.

𝗽𝘂𝘁𝘀("𝗛𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗼, 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗹𝗱");

This line calls the puts() function to output text to standard output (the screen, by default), followed by a new line.

The string to be output is included within the parentheses.

"Hello, World" is the string that will be written on the screen. In C, 𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘆 𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗹𝗶𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝘃𝗮𝗹𝘂𝗲 𝗺𝘂𝘀𝘁 𝗯𝗲 𝗶𝗻𝘀𝗶𝗱𝗲 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗱𝗼𝘂𝗯𝗹𝗲 𝗾𝘂𝗼𝘁𝗲 "...".

In C programs, every statement needs to be terminated by a semi-colon (i.e. ;).

𝗿𝗲𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗻 0;

When we defined main(), we declared it as a function returning an int, meaning it needs to return an integer. In this example, we are returning the integer value 0, which is used to indicate that the program exited successfully.

𝗔𝗳𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗿𝗲𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗻 0; 𝘀𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁, 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗲𝘅𝗲𝗰𝘂𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗽𝗿𝗼𝗰𝗲𝘀𝘀 𝘄𝗶𝗹𝗹 𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗶𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗲.

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