"𝐒𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐤𝐧𝐨𝐰𝐥𝐞𝐝𝐠𝐞 𝐢𝐬 𝐧𝐨𝐭 𝐚𝐛𝐨𝐮𝐭 𝐠𝐢𝐯𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐩𝐞𝐨𝐩𝐥𝐞 𝐬𝐨𝐦𝐞𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐧𝐠, 𝐨𝐫 𝐠𝐞𝐭𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐬𝐨𝐦𝐞𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐟𝐫𝐨𝐦 𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐦. 𝐓𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐨𝐧𝐥𝐲 𝐯𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐝 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐢𝐧𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐬𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐠. | Shalu Anand

"𝐒𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐤𝐧𝐨𝐰𝐥𝐞𝐝𝐠𝐞 𝐢𝐬 𝐧𝐨𝐭 𝐚𝐛𝐨𝐮𝐭 𝐠𝐢𝐯𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐩𝐞𝐨𝐩𝐥𝐞 𝐬𝐨𝐦𝐞𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐧𝐠, 𝐨𝐫 𝐠𝐞𝐭𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐬𝐨𝐦𝐞𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐟𝐫𝐨𝐦 𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐦. 𝐓𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐨𝐧𝐥𝐲 𝐯𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐝 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐢𝐧𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐬𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐠.

𝐒𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐤𝐧𝐨𝐰𝐥𝐞𝐝𝐠𝐞 𝐨𝐜𝐜𝐮𝐫𝐬 𝐰𝐡𝐞𝐧 𝐩𝐞𝐨𝐩𝐥𝐞 𝐚𝐫𝐞 𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐮𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐥𝐲 𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐢𝐧 𝐡𝐞𝐥𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐨𝐧𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐨𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫 𝐝𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐥𝐨𝐩 𝐧𝐞𝐰 𝐜𝐚𝐩𝐚𝐜𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐞𝐬 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧; 𝐢𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐚𝐛𝐨𝐮𝐭 𝐜𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐥𝐞𝐚𝐫𝐧𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐜𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐞𝐬."

with this,

𝗟𝗲𝘁'𝘀 𝗕𝗲𝗴𝗶𝗻 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐃𝐚𝐲 8 :

𝚜𝚎𝚛𝚒𝚎𝚜 𝚘𝚏 𝚜𝚑𝚊𝚛𝚒𝚗𝚐 𝚖𝚢 𝚔𝚗𝚘𝚠𝚕𝚎𝚍𝚐𝚎 𝚘𝚏 𝚝𝚑𝚎 𝙲 𝙻𝚊𝚗𝚐𝚞𝚊𝚐𝚎.

String Literals

A string literal in C is a sequence of chars, terminated by a literal zero.

char* str = "hello, world"; /* string literal */

/* string literals can be used to initialize arrays */

char a1[] = "abc"; /* a1 is char[4] holding {'a','b','c','\0'} */

char a2[4] = "abc"; /* same as a1 */

char a3[3] = "abc"; /* a1 is char[3] holding {'a','b','c'}, missing the '\0' */

String literals are not modifiable (and may be placed in read-only memory such as .rodata). They are attempting to alter their values resulting in undefined behavior.

char* s = "foobar";

s[0] = 'F'; /* undefined behaviour */

/* it's good practice to denote string literals as such, by using `const` */

char const* s1 = "foobar";

s1[0] = 'F'; /* compiler error! */

Multiple string literals are concatenated at compile time, which means you can write construct like these.

/* only two narrows or two wide string literals may be concatenated */

char* s = "Hello, " "World";

/* since C99, more than two can be concatenated */

/* concatenation is implementation-defined */

char* s1 = "Hello" ", " "World";

/* common usages are concatenations of format strings */

char* fmt = "%" PRId16; /* PRId16 macro since C99 */

String literals, the same as character constants, support different character sets.

/* normal string literal, of type char[] */

char* s1 = "abc";

/* wide character string literal, of type wchar_t[] */

wchar_t* s2 = L"abc";

/* UTF-8 string literal, of type char[] */

char* s3 = u8"abc";

/* 16-bit wide string literal, of type char16_t[] */

char16_t* s4 = u"abc";

/* 32-bit wide string literal, of type char32_t[] */

char32_t* s5 = U"abc";